Affonso de Cusatis Jr.,  Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo,  Marcelo Gattass. 

We study the performance of affine arithmetic as a replacement for interval arithmetic in interval methods for ray casting implicit surfaces. Affine arithmetic is a variant of interval arithmetic designed to handle the dependency problem, and which has improved several interval algorithms in computer graphics.

http://sibgrapi.sid.inpe.br/rep-/dpi.inpe.br/vagner/1999/11.26.16.53

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